Roles of Akt and SGK1 in the Regulation of Renal Tubular Transport

Figure 2

Insulin-mediated Akt signaling. Insulin binding to insulin receptor induces Akt activation through IRS/PI3K pathway. mTORC2 also activates Akt. Activated Akt regulates various biological functions such as cell survival and proliferation, protein synthesis, glycogen synthesis, sodium transport, and glucose uptake through translocation of GLUT4. IR: insulin receptor, IRS: insulin receptor substrate, PI3K: phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, PDK1: phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1, and mTORC2: mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2.