The Preventive Effect of Head Injury by Helmet Type in Motorcycle Crashes: A Rural Korean Single-Center Observational Study
Table 2
Univariate analysis of general characteristics according to helmet type and use in motorcycle crashes ().
Category
Full face , (%)
Open face , (%)
Half coverage , (%)
Unhelmeted , (%)
value
Sex
Male
247 (94.6)
113 (83.7)
92 (83.6)
191 (82.3)
<0.001
Female
14 (5.4)
22 (16.3)
18 (16.4)
41 (17.7)
Age, mean ± SD (years)
34.9 ± 20.7
49.0 ± 23.1
53.9 ± 21.7
37.4 ± 23.9
<0.001
Rider role
Driver
254 (97.3)
130 (96.3)
109 (99.1)
181 (78.0)
<0.001
Passenger
7 (2.7)
5 (3.7)
1 (0.9)
51 (22.0)
Riding speed, mean ± SD (Km/h)
44.0 ± 22.9
34.6 ± 15.0
37.1 ± 18.9
38.7 ± 17.3
<0.001
Alcohol consumption before the crash
Yes
18 (6.9)
14 (10.4)
13 (11.8)
47 (20.3)
<0.001
No
243 (93.1)
121 (89.6)
97 (88.2)
185 (79.7)
Mechanism of crash
MC collision with stationary obstacle
16 (6.1)
11 (8.1)
13 (11.8)
19 (8.2)
0.003
No object
62 (23.8)
34 (25.2)
22 (20.0)
90 (38.8)
MC collision with moving obstacle
123 (47.1)
58 (43.0)
41 (37.3)
82 (35.3)
MV collision with MC
60 (23.0)
32 (23.7)
34 (30.9)
41 (17.7)
ISS, mean (95% CI)
4.34 (3.68–4.99)
5.19 (4.33–6.04)
6.94 (5.63–8.25)
6.03 (4.99–7.07)
0.002
MC: motorcycle; MV: motor vehicle. Categorical variables among groups were compared using the chi-square test, and continuous variables were compared using the analysis of variance.
