Heteroreceptors Modulating CGRP Release at Neurovascular Junction: Potential Therapeutic Implications on Some Vascular-Related Diseases

Table 1

NANC neuromediators. Some NANC neuromediators identified on autonomic and sensory fibers. It is important to point out that several of these neuromediators are coreleased with other neurotransmitters. ADM, adrenomedullin; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; cGMP, cyclic guanosine monophosphate; CGRP, calcitonin gene-related peptide; IP₃, inositol triphosphate; , ATP-sensitive potassium channel; , calcium-activated potassium channel; NO, nitric oxide; NPY, neuropeptide Y; PAF, primary afferent fibers; PKC, protein kinase C; SP, substance P; VIP, vasoactive intestinal peptide.

Neuromediator	Localization	Receptor	Second messengers	Functional response
CGRP, ADM, amylin	Sensory neurons (PAF)	CGRP	cAMP	Vasodilatation; tachycardia
ATP	Sympathetic postganglionic neurons	P2x	Ca^2+	Smooth muscle contraction
		P2y	IP3, Ca^2+; PKC, NO
VIP	Parasympathetic neurons	VPAC1	cAMP; K^+	Vasodilatation; bronchodilatation
NPY	Sympathetic postganglionic neurons	Y1	Ca^2+	Vasoconstriction
		Y2	cAMP
SP	Enteric sensory neurons	NK1	IP3, Ca^2+; PKC	Vascular extravasation, depolarization of PAF, vasodilatation
NO	Parasympathetic neurons	—	cGMP; PGs,	Vasodilatation

Data from [11, 21].