Cardiovascular Actions and Therapeutic Potential of Tetramethylpyrazine (Active Component Isolated from Rhizoma Chuanxiong): Roles and Mechanisms

Table 1

Pharmacokinetic properties of TMP.

Species	Dose	PK parameters	References
SD rats	10 mg/kg (i.v.)	14.4 ± 1.2 min	[15]
		28.7 ± 4.1 min
		AUC 82.1 ± 14.9 µg min/mL
		Cl 0.15 ± 0.044 (L/kg/min)
	10 mg/kg (i.n.)	49.2 ± 20.5 min	[16]
		9.4 ± 4.1 min
		9.2 ± 2.0 min
		742.1 ± 157.1 min μg/mL
		Cl 0.014 ± 0.003 L/min/kg
	20.26 mg/kg (p.o.)	0.9 ± 0.22 h	[17]
		8.04 ± 2.92 h
		8.84 ± 2.8 ng/mL
		Cl 125 ± 34 mL/kg/min