Portal Vein Stenting Combined with Iodine-125 Seeds Endovascular Implantation Followed by Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus

Table 1

Characteristics of patients.

Characteristics
Age, years, median (range)	54 (29–81)
Sex (male/female)	32/2
Number of lesions
Single	10
Multiple	24
Location of tumor thrombosis
LPVB	5
RPVB	12
MPV + LPVB	4
MPV + RPVB	13
Child-Pugh class
A	23
B	11
Degree of PVTT, (%)
Vp2	6 (18)
Vp3	11 (32)
Vp4	17 (50)

LPVB: left portal vein branch; RPVB: right portal vein branch; MPV: main portal vein; PVTT: portal vein tumor thrombus.
The Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan suggested a macroscopic classification for PVTT, which categorized PVTT into five grades: (1) Vp0, no PVTT; (2) Vp1, presence of PVTT not in, but distal to, the 2nd-order branches of the portal vein; (3) Vp2, presence of PVTT in the 2nd-order branches of the portal vein; (4) Vp3, presence of PVTT in the 1st-order branches of the portal vein; and (5) Vp4, presence of PVTT in the main trunk of the portal vein or a portal vein branch contralateral to the mainly involved lobe (or both).