Insertion Success of the Laryngeal Tube in Emergency Airway Management

Table 3

Success rates of laryngeal tubes in prehospital airway management by different providers (first responder, physicians, paramedics, registered nurses, and physicians).

Authors	Study	Device	Healthcare provider		FPIS		OPIS
					[, (%)]	95% CI	[, (%)]	95% CI
Länkimäki et al., 2013 [66]	p, prehospital, OOHCA	LT	First responder	64	46, 71.9	60.9%–82.9%	59, 92.2	85.6%–98.8%
Frascone et al., 2013 [61]	p, prehospital, emerg.	LTS-D	Paramedics/RN	38	29, 76.3	62.8%–89.8%	32, 84.2	72.6%–95.8%
Müller et al., 2013 [67]	p, prehospital, OOHCA	LT-D	Paramedics	130	108, 83.1	76.6%–89.5%	121, 93.1	88.7%–97.4%
Schalk et al., 2012 [69]	p, prehospital, emerg.	LTS-D	Physicians/paramedics	303	223, 73.6	68.6%–78.6%	296, 97.8	96.0%–99.4%
Sunde et al., 2012 [72]	r, prehospital, OOHCA	LT, NS	Paramedics	347	258, 74.4	69.8%–78.9%	296, 85.3	81.6%–89.0%
Gahan et al., 2011 [63]	r, prehospital, OOHCA	LT-D	First responder	167	147, 88.0	83.1%–92.9%	NS	—
Frascone et al., 2011 [62]	p, prehospital, emerg.	LTS-D	Paramedics	128	86, 67.2	59.1%–75.3%	103, 80.5	73.6%–87.3%
Schalk et al., 2011 [71]	p, prehospital, trauma	LTS-D	Physicians/paramedics	57	50, 87.7	79.2%–96.2%	56, 98.2	94.8%–100.0%
Schalk et al., 2010 [70]	p, prehospital, emerg.	LT-D/LTS-D	Physicians/paramedics	157	123, 78.3	71.9%–84.8%	152, 96.8	94.1%–99.6%
Wiese et al., 2009 [73]	p, prehospital, emerg.	LT-D	Paramedics	92	85, 92.4	87.0%–97.8%	92, 100.0	96.8%–100.0%
Russi et al., 2008 [68]	p, prehospital, emerg.	King LT	Paramedics	13	12, 92.3	77.8%–100.0%	13, 100.0	79.4%–100.0%
Guyette et al., 2007 [64]	r, prehospital, emerg.	LT-D	Paramedics/nurses	26	24, 92.3	82.1%–100.0%	26, 100.0	89.2%–100.0%
Kette et al., 2005 [65]	p, prehospital, OOHCA	LT	Nurses	30	21, 70.0	53.6%–86.4%	26, 86.7	74.5%–98.8%
			Cumulative sum ()	1552	1212/1552		1272/1385
			(%)		78.1	76.0%–80.2%	91.8	90.4%–93.3%

NS: not stated; p: prospective; r: retrospective; OOHCA: out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; emerg.: emergency/no cardiac arrest; FPIS: first-pass insertion success; OPIS: overall-pass insertion success; RN: registered nurses. If the success rate was 100%, it was assumed that the lower confidence interval (CI) was reached and that the next attempt would fail.