Pathological Predictors of Shunt Stenosis and Hepatic Encephalopathy after Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt

Figure 3

A representative case of HE after TIPS. This was from a 56 y/o male patient diagnosed with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis, who had suffered from gastrointestinal bleeding 4 weeks before hospitalization. The patient developed HE at 1 month after TIPS. (a) Coronal image of MRPV showed liver cirrhosis, severe gastric coronary vein varices, and splenomegaly induced by portal hypertension. (b) Biopsy with the forceps before balloon dilation of the shunt under X-ray (the arrow pointed at the tip of the forceps). (c) Angiography showed that TIPS was performed successfully after the biopsy, with no procedure-related complications. (d) Pathological characteristics of the liver tissues obtained during TIPS highlighted the fibrous septum with disturbance of hepatic lobule (arrow), which meant grade III fibrosis (H&E staining, ×100).

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