A De-O-acylated Lipooligosaccharide-Based Adjuvant System Promotes Antibody and Th1-Type Immune Responses to H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine in Mice

Figure 2

Th1-type-predominant immune response to CIA06-adjuvanted influenza vaccine. Splenocytes were isolated from the mice that had been immunized as described in Figure 1 and cultured for 72 h in the absence (■) or presence of Greenflu-S (■). The levels of IFN- (a) and IL-5 (b) in the culture media were determined by sandwich ELISA, and IFN- : IL-5 ratios were calculated for each group (c). Statistical differences were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. Results are expressed as the means ± SD of values obtained from triplicate cultures that used two spleens each. Data shown are representative of three independent experiments. ; ; and . NS, not significant.

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