Efficiency Analysis of Direct Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery in Elderly Patients with Blunt Traumatic Hemothorax without an Initial Thoracostomy

Table 2

Comparison of patient characteristics and demographics between the 2 groups.

	Direct VATS without tube thoracostomy in ED (14); group 1	Tube thoracostomy in ED (64); group 2
Age	74.79, SD = 7.14	75.31, SD = 7.76	0.432
Gender (male)	8 (57.1%)	56 (87.5%)	0.007
Number of fractured ribs	5.57, SD = 1.65	5.75, SD = 2.78	0.753
Flail chest	5 (35.7%)	23 (35.9%)	0.987
Pulmonary contusion score	5.00, SD = 1.92	3.86, SD = 1.72	0.055
Acute respiratory failure in 48 hours after trauma	2 (14.3%)	13 (20.3%)	0.604
Concomitant with pneumothorax	4 (28.6%)	46 (71.9%)	0.002
AIS chest	3.21, SD = 0.43	3.45, SD = 0.59	0.090
AIS head	0.71, SD = 1.07	1.08, SD = 1.40	0.288
AIS abdomen	0.79, SD = 0.98	0.22, SD = 0.63	0.054
AIS extremity	2.14, SD = 0.77	1.19, SD = 0.99	0.001
ISS	18.43, SD = 4.85	18.38, SD = 8.07	0.974
Receiving VATS	14 (100%)	30 (46.9%)
Time from trauma to VATS (days)	3.57, SD = 0.94	5.97, SD = 3.43	0.001