The Influence of Tumor Size on Oncologic Outcomes for Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma after Radical Nephroureterectomy

Table 1

Clinical and pathological characteristics of 687 patients with UTUC stratified by tumor size.

		Tumor size
		≤3 cm	>3 cm	Chi-square or	value
	All	385 (%)	302 (%)
Age	≤70	221 (57.4)	188 (62.3)	1.652	0.199
	>70	164 (42.6)	114 (37.7)
Median (range)		69 (20–90)	68 (29–86)	−1.424	0.155
Gender	Male	155 (40.3)	151 (50.0)	6.500	0.011
	Female	230 (59.7)	151 (50.0)
Tobacco consumption	Yes	59 (15.3)	65 (21.5)	4.396	0.036
	No	326 (84.7)	237 (78.5)
Surgical approach	Open	127 (33.0)	93 (30.8)	0.374	0.541
	Laparoscopic	258 (67.0)	209 (69.2)
Preoperative ureteroscopy	Yes	61 (15.8)	25 (8.3)	8.847	0.003
	No	324 (84.2)	277 (91.7)
Hydronephrosis	Presence	208 (54.0)	126 (41.7)	1.241	0.265
	Absence	177 (46.0)	176 (58.3)
T stage	PTis-a-1	165 (42.9)	64 (21.2)	59.636	<0.001
	PT2	140 (36.4)	102 (33.8)
	PT3	77 (20.0)	120 (39.7)
	PT4	3 (0.8)	16 (5.3)
Grade	G1	16 (4.2)	5 (1.7)	11.654	0.003
	G2	222 (57.7)	146 (48.3)
	G3	147 (38.2)	151 (50.0)
Lymph node status	cN0 or pN0	363 (94.3)	270 (89.4)	5.569	0.018
	N+	22 (5.7)	32 (10.6)
Main tumor location	Ureter	197 (51.2)	110 (36.4)	14.886	<0.001
	Pelvis	188 (48.8)	192 (63.6)
Side of tumor location	Right	189 (49.1)	150 (49.7)	0.023	0.880
	Left	196 (50.9)	152 (50.3)
Concomitant CIS	Presence	10 (2.6)	10 (3.3)	0.305	0.581
	Absence	375 (97.4)	292 (96.7)
Tumor architecture	Papillary	302 (78.4)	228 (75.5)	0.832	0.362
	Sessile	83 (21.6)	74 (24.5)
Multifocality	Yes	97 (25.2)	67 (22.2)	0.843	0.358
	No	288 (74.8)	235 (77.8)
Tumor necrosis	Presence	32 (8.3)	47 (15.6)	8.744	0.003
	Absence	353 (91.7)	255 (84.4)
Squamous and/or glandular differentiation	Presence	38 (9.9)	43 (14.2)	3.105	0.078
	Absence	347 (90.1)	259 (85.8)

eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; CIS: carcinoma in situ.
Statistically significant.