The Influence of Tumor Size on Oncologic Outcomes for Patients with Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma after Radical Nephroureterectomy

Table 3

Univariate and multivariate analyses of predictive factors for bladder recurrence survival.

	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HR	95% CI		HR	95% CI
Age (≤70 versus >70)	0.899	0.687–1.176	0.439
Gender (male versus female)	1.159	0.893–1.504	0.268
Tobacco consumption (yes versus no)	1.030	0.737–1.439	0.864
Surgical approach (open versus laparoscopic)	1.042	0.783–1.387	0.776
Preoperative ureteroscopy (yes versus no)	2.085	1.527–2.847	<0.001	1.656	1.196–2.291	0.002
Hydronephrosis (presence versus absence)	1.253	0.962–1.632	0.095
T stage (pTis-a-1-2 versus pT3-4)	1.462	1.071–1.996	0.017	1.034	0.730–1.464	0.850
Tumor grade (G1-2 versus G3)	1.587	1.201–2.092	0.001	1.391	1.028–1.880	0.032
Lymph node status (cN0 or pN0 versus Nx)	4.525	1.684–12.195	0.003	3.279	1.202–8.929	0.020
Tumor size (≤3 cm versus >3 cm)	1.422	1.082–1.869	0.012	1.196	0.898–1.595	0.219
Main tumor location (ureter versus pelvis)	1.396	1.076–1.811	0.012	1.253	0.955–1.646	0.104
Concomitant CIS (presence versus absence)	1.155	0.571–2.340	0.688
Tumor architecture (papillary versus sessile)	0.739	0.521–1.047	0.089
Focality (multiple versus single)	1.813	1.381–2.381	<0.001	1.601	1.213–2.114	0.001
Tumor necrosis (presence versus absence)	0.826	0.527–1.294	0.404
Squamous and or glandular differentiation (presence versus absence)	0.682	0.416–1.119	0.130

eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; CIS: carcinoma in situ.
Statistically significant.