Examination of Calcium Silicate Cements with Low-Viscosity Methyl Cellulose or Hydroxypropyl Cellulose Additive

Table 1

Details of the composition of ordinary PC.

Component of; ordinary PC	Characteristic
a-lite, C3S; (about 65%); 3CaO·SiO2	Hydration rate: fast. Heat of hydration: middle.; Initial strength: excellent. Long-term strength: excellent.; Chemical resistance: middle. Drying shrinkage: middle.
b-lite, C2S; (about 15%); 2CaO·SiO2	Hydration rate: slow. Heat of hydration: low.; Initial strength: poor. Long-term strength: excellent.; Chemical resistance: high. Drying shrinkage: low.
Aluminate, C3A; (about 7%); 3CaO·Al2O3	Hydration rate: fastest. Heat of hydration: highest.; Initial strength: excellent. Long-term strength: poor.; Chemical resistance: low. Drying shrinkage: high.
Ferrite, C4AF; (about 8%); 4CaO·Al2O3·Fe2O3	Hydration rate: middle. Heat of hydration: middle.; Initial strength: middle. Long-term strength: middle.; Chemical resistance: middle. Drying shrinkage: middle.
Gypsum; CaSO4·2H2O	Gypsum slows down the aluminate hydration. Without addition of gypsum, PC reaction proceeds rapidly, and physical properties become poor.