Phylogeographic Structure of a Tethyan Relict Capparis spinosa (Capparaceae) Traces Pleistocene Geologic and Climatic Changes in the Western Himalayas, Tianshan Mountains, and Adjacent Desert Regions

Figure 5

Species distribution modeling of C. spinosa during present-day and LGM periods in arid Eastern Central Asia. Potential distribution in the LGM epoch is based on scenarios of the MIROC model. Yellow localities: populations sensitive to glaciation in the high mountains. Blue localities: populations at middle elevations. Green localities: gorges served as refugia in the mid-Tianshan. Red localities: populations of low-altitude desert region.