The Role of Obesity in Sepsis Outcome among Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Table 3
Univariate and multivariate analysis ofpredictors of mortality among septic patients upon intensive care unit admission. depicts the univariate analysis results while () denotes factors that differ in the multivariate analysis too ( 0.003 for SOFA score upon admission, 0.014 for obesity, 0.038 for pneumonia, and 0.015 for septic shock).
Patient characteristics
Survivors ()
Nonsurvivors ()
Demographics
Age (years)
59.0 ± 19.7
61.0 ± 17.1
0.603
Male gender
28 (57.1%)
27 (57.4%)
1.000
Chronic diseases (number)
0.9 ± 1.0
1.6 ± 1.2
<0.001
Diabetes mellitus
10 (17.2%)
17 (25.4%)
0.286
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
12 (20.7%)
16 (23.9%)
0.830
Chronic heart failure
8 (13.8%)
9 (13.4%)
1.000
Chronic renal failure requiring dialysis
5 (8.6%)
4 (6.0%)
0.732
Malignancy (solid organ or heamatologic one)
2 (3.4%)
13 (19.4%)
0.006
Cortisone use (within last month of ICU admission)
3 (5.2%)
13 (19.4%)
0.029
Obesity
9 (15.5%)
29 (43.3%)
0.001
Hospitalization data
Prior emergency surgery
14 (24.1%)
15 (22.4%)
0.835
Prior abdominal surgery
17 (29.3%)
17 (25.4%)
0.689
Prior hospitalization
36 (62.1%)
49 (73.1%)
0.249
APACHE II Score upon admission
16.9 ± 7.2
19.1 ± 8.4
0.323
SAPS II upon admission
39.8 ± 12.9
46.3 ± 12.8
0.007
SOFA score upon admission
8.1 ± 3.1
9.9 ± 4.2
0.037
ICU length of stay (days)
14.5 ± 7.2
17.0 ± 17.4
0.216
ICU data
Cortisone
32 (55.2%)
48 (71.6%)
0.064
Antibiotics administered (number)
3.5 ± 1.8
3.9 ± 1.9
0.149
Mean antibiotic use per day
2.8 ± 0.9
2.9 ± 0.9
0.539
Tracheostomy
25 (43.1%)
32 (47.8%)
0.719
Number of invasive catheters
0.8 ± 1.4
1.1 ± 1.5
0.072
Parenteral nutrition
11 (19.0%)
24 (35.8%)
0.046
Enteral nutrition
27 (46.6%)
35 (52.2%)
0.592
Dialysis
3 (5.2%)
13 (19.4%)
0.029
Infection upon admission data
Site of infection
Meningitis
8 (13.8%)
2 (3.0%)
0.044
Pneumonia
22 (37.9%)
40 (59.7%)
0.020
Intra-abdominal infection
13 (22.4%)
14 (20.9%)
1.000
Urinary-tract infection
12 (20.7%)
3 (4.5%)
0.011
Skin and soft tissue infection
3 (5.2%)
7 (10.4%)
0.337
Bloodstream infection
6 (10.3%)
16 (23.9%)
0.060
Septic shock
8 (13.8%)
47 (70.1%)
<0.001
Colonization data
KPC-Kp colonization during ICU stay
20 (34.5%)
21 (35.8%)
1.000
VRE colonization during ICU stay
5 (8.6%)
6 (9.0%)
1.000
Data are number (%) of patients or mean ± SD. ICU: intensive care unit; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; KPC-Kp: KPC-producing K. pneumoniae; VRE: vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. All patients after ICU admission were intubated and mechanically ventilated and were continuously monitored with a central venous catheter, an arterial catheter, and a urinary catheter. Number of catheters does not include the aforementioned catheters.
