The Role of Obesity in Sepsis Outcome among Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Table 4
Univariate and multivariate analysis fordifference among obese and nonobese septic patients upon intensive care unit admission. depicts the univariate analysis results while () denotes factors that differ in the multivariate analysis too ( 0.002 for mortality, 0.042 for bloodstream infection upon ICU admission, and 0.001 for KPC-producing K. pneumoniae colonization during ICU stay).
Patient characteristics
Nonobese ()
Obese ()
Demographics
Age (years)
60.5 ± 19.5
59.2 ± 15.2
0.464
Male gender
41 (62.1%)
14 (46.7%)
0.185
Chronic diseases (number)
0.9 ± 0.9
1.1 ± 1.1
0.242
Diabetes mellitus
16 (18.2%)
11 (28.9%)
0.238
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
17 (19.5%)
11 (28.9%)
0.253
Chronic heart failure
12 (13.8%)
5 (13.2%)
1.000
Chronic renal failure requiring dialysis
8 (9.2%)
1 (2.6%)
0.274
Malignancy (solid organ or heamatologic one)
9 (10.3%)
6 (15.8%)
0.385
Cortisone use (within last month of ICU admission)
10 (11.5%)
6 (15.8%)
0.564
Hospitalization data
Prior emergency surgery
18 (20.7%)
11 (28.9%)
0.360
Prior abdominal surgery
21 (24.1%)
13 (34.2%)
0.278
Prior hospitalization
59 (67.8%)
26 (68.4%)
1.000
APACHE II Score upon admission
18.7 ± 7.8
16.2 ± 7.8
0.169
SAPS II upon admission
42.8 ± 13.3
44.3 ± 13.2
0.658
SOFA score upon admission
9.0 ± 3.9
9.2 ± 3.8
0.786
ICU length of stay (days)
11.9 ± 12.6
24.9 ± 26.4
<0.001
Mortality
38 (43.7%)
29 (76.3%)
0.001
ICU data
Cortisone
49 (56.3%)
31 (81.6%)
0.008
Antibiotics administered (number)
3.4 ± 1.5
4.9 ± 2.5
<0.001
Mean antibiotic use per day
2.8 ± 0.9
3.1 ± 0.9
0.005
Tracheostomy
31 (35.6%)
26 (68.4%)
0.001
Number of invasive catheters
0.5 ± 0.8
1.9 ± 2.1
<0.001
Parenteral nutrition
19 (21.8%)
16 (42.1%)
0.030
Enteral nutrition
37 (42.5%)
25 (65.8%)
0.020
Dialysis
6 (6.9%)
10 (26.3%)
0.007
Colonization/infection data
Site of infection
Meningitis
9 (10.3%)
1 (2.6%)
0.280
Pneumonia
44 (50.6%)
18 (47.4%)
0.846
Intra-abdominal infection
15 (17.2%)
12 (31.6%)
0.098
Urinary-tract infection
13 (14.9%)
2 (5.3%)
0.148
Skin and soft tissue infection
6 (6.9%)
4 (10.5%)
0.490
Bloodstream infection (primary or secondary)
10 (11.5%)
12 (31.6%)
0.010
Septic shock
34 (39.1%)
21 (55.3%)
0.123
Colonization data
KPC-Kp colonization during ICU stay
21 (24.1%)
23 (60.5%)
<0.001
VRE colonization during ICU stay
7 (8.0%)
4 (10.5%)
0.734
Data are number (%) of patients or mean ± SD. ICU: intensive care unit; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; SAPS: Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; KPC-Kp: KPC-producing K. pneumoniae; VRE: vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus. All patients after ICU admission were intubated and mechanically ventilated and were continuously monitored with a central venous catheter, an arterial catheter, and a urinary catheter. Number of catheters does not include the aforementioned catheters.
