Research Article
Demographics and Personality Factors Associated with Burnout among Nurses in a Singapore Tertiary Hospital
Table 2
Participants’ demographics and personality factors against components of Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).
| (a) Participants’ demographics and prevalence of burnout |
| | | Emotional exhaustion | Depersonalization | Personal accomplishment | | Low/average (%) | High (%) | Low/average (%) | High (%) | Average/high (%) | Low (%) |
| | Gender | Female | 1002 (61.5) | 627 (38.5) | 998 (61.3) | 631 (38.7) | 663 (40.7) | 966 (59.3) | | Male | 72 (57.1) | 54 (42.9) | 63 (50) | 63 (50) | 53 (42.1) | 73 (57.9) |
| | Age (years) | ≤29 | 512 (55.4) | 413 (44.6) | 489 (52.9) | 436 (47.1) | 357 (38.6) | 568 (61.4) | | 30–39 | 241 (61.6) | 150 (38.4) | 240 (61.4) | 151 (38.6) | 153 (39.1) | 238 (60.9) | | 40–49 | 179 (75.2) | 59 (24.8) | 181 (76.1) | 57 (23.9) | 106 (44.5) | 132 (55.5) | | 50–59 | 96 (68.6) | 44 (31.4) | 102 (72.9) | 38 (27.1) | 62 (44.3) | 78 (55.7) | | ≥60 | 31 (86.1) | 5 (13.9) | 33 (91.7) | 3 (8.3) | 26 (72.2) | 10 (27.8) |
| | Race | Chinese | 456 (59.1) | 316 (40.9) | 430 (55.7) | 342 (44.3) | 320 (41.5) | 452 (58.5) | | Malay | 194 (56.2) | 151 (43.8) | 190 (55.1) | 155 (44.9) | 113 (32.8) | 232 (67.2) | | Indian | 154 (68.1) | 72 (31.9) | 151 (66.8) | 75 (33.2) | 84 (37.2) | 142 (62.8) | | Filipino | 178 (66.9) | 88 (33.1) | 188 (70.7) | 78 (29.3) | 139 (52.3) | 127 (47.7) | | Others | 101 (62.3) | 61 (37.7) | 112 (69.6) | 49 (30.4) | 65 (40.1) | 97 (59.9) |
| | Highest qualification | Vocational training | 245 (67.7) | 117 (32.3) | 245 (67.7) | 117 (32.3) | 120 (33.1) | 242 (66.9) | | Diploma | 263 (56) | 207 (44) | 248 (52.8) | 222 (47.2) | 166 (35.3) | 304 (64.7) | | Advanced diploma | 101 (54.3) | 85 (45.7) | 104 (55.9) | 82 (44.1) | 71 (38.2) | 115 (61.8) | | Bachelor/postgraduate | 449 (63.5) | 258 (36.5) | 447 (63.2) | 260 (36.8) | 344 (48.7) | 363 (51.3) |
| | Job grade | Enrolled nurse | 290 (69.5) | 127 (30.5) | 283 (68) | 133 (32) | 145 (34.8) | 272 (65.2) | | Staff nurse | 689 (57.1) | 518 (42.9) | 684 (56.7) | 523 (43.3) | 496 (41.1) | 711 (58.9) | | Nursing officer | 96 (72.2) | 37 (27.8) | 96 (72.2) | 37 (27.8) | 75 (56.4) | 58 (43.6) |
| | Shift patterns | Fixed hours | 171 (67.9) | 81 (32.1) | 176 (70.1) | 75 (29.9) | 117 (46.4) | 135 (53.6) | | 2 shifts | 80 (72.1) | 31 (27.9) | 76 (68.5) | 35 (31.5) | 44 (39.6) | 67 (60.4) | | 3 shifts | 741 (58.2) | 532 (41.8) | 727 (57.1) | 546 (42.9) | 512 (40.2) | 761 (59.8) | | Permanent night | 73 (73.7) | 26 (26.3) | 71 (71.7) | 28 (28.3) | 37 (37.4) | 62 (62.6) |
| | Years working in current hospital | <10 | 739 (57.9) | 537 (42.1) | 714 (56) | 562 (44) | 489 (38.3) | 787 (61.7) | | 10–19 | 119 (65.7) | 62 (34.3) | 129 (71.3) | 52 (28.7) | 82 (45.3) | 99 (54.7) | | 20–29 | 131 (72) | 51 (28) | 133 (73.1) | 49 (26.9) | 90 (49.5) | 92 (50.5) | | ≥30 | 78 (75.7) | 25 (24.3) | 80 (77.7) | 23 (22.3) | 50 (48.5) | 53 (51.5) |
| | Dependents | No | 253 (63.1) | 148 (36.9) | 257 (64.1) | 144 (35.9) | 155 (38.7) | 246 (61.3) | | Yes | 818 (60.5) | 533 (39.5) | 804 (59.6) | 546 (40.4) | 561 (41.5) | 790 (58.5) |
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| (b) Participants’ personality and prevalence of burnout |
| | | Emotional exhaustion | Depersonalization | Personal accomplishment | | Low/average (%) | High (%) | Low/average (%) | High (%) | Average/high (%) | Low (%) |
| | Neuroticism | VL, L, A | 875 (70.5) | 366 (29.5) | 856 (69) | 385 (31) | 576 (46.4) | 665 (53.6) | | H, VH | 187 (37.9) | 307 (62.1) | 194 (39.3) | 300 (60.7) | 132 (26.7) | 362 (73.3) |
| | Extraversion | A, H, VH | 922 (64.6) | 506 (35.4) | 897 (62.8) | 531 (37.2) | 650 (45.5) | 778 (54.5) | | L, VL | 140 (45.6) | 167 (54.4) | 153 (49.8) | 154 (50.2) | 58 (18.9) | 249 (81.1) |
| | Openness | A, H, VH | 839 (61.3) | 529 (38.7) | 843 (61.6) | 525 (38.4) | 609 (44.5) | 759 (55.5) | | L, VL | 223 (60.8) | 144 (39.2) | 207 (56.4) | 160 (43.6) | 99 (27) | 268 (73) |
| | Agreeableness | A, H, VH | 865 (64.9) | 468 (35.1) | 871 (65.3) | 462 (34.7) | 583 (43.7) | 750 (56.3) | | L, VL | 197 (49) | 205 (51) | 179 (44.5) | 223 (55.5) | 125 (31.1) | 277 (68.9) |
| | Conscientiousness | A, H, VH | 903 (63.8) | 513 (36.2) | 906 (64) | 510 (36) | 636 (44.9) | 780 (55.1) | | L, VL | 159 (49.8) | 160 (50.2) | 144 (45.1) | 175 (54.9) | 72 (22.6) | 247 (77.4) |
| | Number of negative personality traits | 0 | 524 (73) | 194 (27) | 533 (74.2) | 185 (25.8) | 395 (55) | 323 (45) | | 1 | 296 (60.9) | 190 (39.1) | 283 (58.2) | 203 (41.8) | 196 (40.3) | 290 (59.7) | | 2 | 148 (50.9) | 143 (49.1) | 144 (49.5) | 147 (50.5) | 74 (25.4) | 217 (74.6) | | 3 | 66 (42.9) | 88 (57.1) | 61 (39.6) | 93 (60.4) | 31 (20.1) | 123 (79.9) | | ≥4 | 28 (32.6) | 58 (67.4) | 29 (33.7) | 57 (66.3) | 12 (14) | 74 (86) |
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Higher risk of burnout.
Categories for personality factors relative to risk of burnout: VL: very low; L: low; A: average; H: high; VH: very high.
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