Review Article

Clinical Application of Antimicrobial Bone Graft Substitute in Osteomyelitis Treatment: A Systematic Review of Different Bone Graft Substitutes Available in Clinical Treatment of Osteomyelitis

Table 5

Outcomes and complications of all included studies.

StudyInfection eradication in % of patientsBone growth in % of patientsBGS degradation in % of patientsComplications

McKee et al. 2010 [19]86%100%100%5 patients with complications: 1x reinfection, 2x refracture, 1x wound infection, and 1x neuropraxia

Ferguson et al. 2014 [31]90%94%100%20 patients with complications: 9x fractures and 11x prolonged wound leakage

Gitelis and Brebach 2002 [20]100%100%100%No complication

von Stechow et al. 2005 [21]87.50%87.50%100%2 patients died due thromboembolism, 2x due to revision surgery (seroma), and 3x due to other complications

Humm et al. 2014 [32]95.20%Not mentionedNot mentioned7x prolonged wound leakage

Chang et al. 2007 [22]80%Not mentioned100%5x recurrent infection

Tsai et al. 2004 [23]100%100%100%No complications

von Stechow and Rauschmann  2009 [24]100%100%100%3x screw loosening due to osteoporosis and 1x venous thrombosis

Berner et al. 2008 [25]100%100%100%No complications

Drago et al. 2013 [26]88.90%100%100%1 patient died due pneumonia, 2x due to infection recurrence, and 1x due to prolonged wound leakage

Romanò et al. 2014 [29]92.60%100%100%1x prolonged wound leakage, 1x fracture, and 1x venous thrombosis

Lindfors et al. 2010 [27]100%Not mentionedNot mentioned1x muscle flap complication and 1x remaining fracture

McAndrew et al. 2013 [28]100%Not mentioned100%No complications

Fleiter et al. 2014 [30]80%Not mentioned100%Not mentioned

Franceschini et al. 2012 [33]100%100%100%No complications

In all patients, bioactive glass degradation or bone incorporation was seen, but BAG was still radiologically visible at 24 months.