Low-Volume Brachial Plexus Block Providing Surgical Anesthesia for Distal Arm Surgery Comparing Supraclavicular, Infraclavicular, and Axillary Approach: A Randomized Observer Blind Trial

Figure 1

Ultrasound-guided brachial plexus blocks using a short axis, in-plane technique. Supraclavicular brachial plexus block (a) with the transducer parallel with the clavicle and with needle tip positioned subfascial and intracluster injection (b). Infraclavicular brachial plexus block (c) with the transducer in the deltopectoral groove and with needle tip position (d) close to the axillary artery (AA) at each of the cords, that is, lateral (L), medial (M), and posterior (P) cord. Axillary brachial plexus block (e) with needle tip position (f) at each of the four individual nerves, that is, musculocutaneous (Mc), median (Me), ulnar (Ul), and radial (Ra) nerve. Pl: pleura; MaP: major pectoral muscle; MiP: minor pectoral muscle; AV: axillary vein.

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