Relationships between Muscle Architecture of Rectus Femoris and Functional Parameters of Knee Motion in Adults with Down Syndrome

Figure 3

Descriptive statistics for the functional parameters and results of the multivariate regression analysis. Comparisons between persons with Down syndrome and typically developed concerning normalized EMG area (a), peak velocity (b), and (c). Data are represented as means ± SD, . Planar surface grids, representing the model resulting from the multivariate regression analysis, are superimposed to the observed data (black dots) in persons with DS (d–f) and in TD subjects (g–i). Each regression includes also the subcutaneous thickness (TK-S) as reported in Table 2. However, for clearness of illustration in each plot the morphological parameters (PA and TK-M) that showed a significant relationship with the functional parameter are depicted. , coefficient of determination for the entire model; other abbreviations as in Figure 2.

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