Tigecycline Therapy for Nosocomial Pneumonia due to Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Critically Ill Patients Who Received Inappropriate Initial Antibiotic Treatment: A Retrospective Case Study
Table 1
Demographic and clinical data for the included patients.
Variable
Total
Successful cases
Unsuccessful cases
value
Age, years, mean (SD)
74.6 (9.4)
74.8 (9.6)
74.4 (9.8)
0.93
Male, (%)
22 (71.0)
13 (86.7)
9 (56.3)
0.113
APACHE II score, median (IQR)
19.0 (15.0–19.0)
15.0 (13.5–19.0)
19.0 (18.0–20.0)
0.04
SOFA score, mean (SD)
3.5 (1.1)
3.1 (0.8)
3.8 (1.2)
0.16
Severe sepsis/septic shock, (%)
11 (35.5)
5 (33.3)
6 (37.5)
1.0
VAP, (%)
10 (32.3)
4 (26.7)
6 (37.5)
0.704
ICU LOS before TGC, day, median (IQR)
8 (1–13)
7 (0.5–10.0)
9 (6.3–14.5)
0.16
Comorbidities, (%)
COPD
16 (51.6)
7 (46.7)
9 (56.3)
0.724
Bronchiectasis
3 (9.8)
1 (6.7)
2 (12.5)
1.0
CHF
8 (25.8)
5 (33.3)
3 (18.8)
0.433
Diabetes
5 (16.1)
1 (6.7)
4 (25.0)
0.333
Cerebral apoplexy
3 (9.8)
2 (13.3)
1 (6.25)
0.60
Immunosuppressive status
5 (16.1)
3 (20.0)
2 (12.5)
0.654
Comorbidities >1
17 (54.8)
10 (66.7)
7 (43.8)
0.285
Responsible pathogens, (%)
Acinetobacter baumannii
21 (67.7)
9 (60.0)
12 (75.0)
0.458
Klebsiella pneumoniae
5 (16.1)
3 (20.0)
2 (12.5)
0.654
Escherichia coli
3 (9.7)
1 (6.7)
2 (12.5)
1.0
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
2 (6.5)
0
2 (12.5)
0.484
Type of initial empiric antibiotics, (%)
Cephalosporin
4 (12.9)
1 (6.7)
3 (18.8)
0.60
Combination β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor
12 (38.7)
6 (40.0)
6 (37.5)
1.0
Carbapenem
15 (48.4)
10 (66.7)
5 (31.3)
0.076
Fluoroquinolone
9 (29.0)
4 (26.7)
5 (31.3)
1.0
Aminoglycoside
8 (25.8)
6 (40.0)
2 (12.5)
0.113
Glycopeptide
5 (16.1)
1 (6.7)
4 (25.0)
0.333
Duration of initial treatment with antibiotics, day, median (IQR)
13 (7–20)
7 (7–14)
16 (7–20)
0.02
Duration of treatment with TGC, day, mean (SD)
14.3 (2.8)
12.7 (5.9)
15.5 (4.2)
0.51
Microbiological eradication, (%)
19 (61.3)
13 (86.7)
6 (37.5)
0.009
ICU mortality, (%)
14 (45.2)
1 (6.7)
13 (81.3)
0
II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, CHF: chronic heart failure, COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ICU: intensive care unit, IMV: invasive mechanical ventilation, IQR: interquartile range, TGC: tigecycline, LOS: length of stay, SD: standard deviation, SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, and VAP: ventilator-associated pneumonia. cases versus unsuccessful cases.
