HDAC Inhibitors as Epigenetic Regulators of the Immune System: Impacts on Cancer Therapy and Inflammatory Diseases

Table 3

Effects of acetylation of nonhistone proteins by HDAC inhibitors.

Nonhistone proteins	Classification of protein	Function of acetylation	References
		Increased DNA binding affinity	[66]
p53	Tumor suppressor	Increased transcriptional activation	[66–68]
		Increased protein stability	[68, 69]
RUNX3	Tumor suppressor	Increased transcriptional activation	[70]
		Increased protein stability	[70]
		Increased DNA binding affinity	[70–72]
STAT3	Signaling mediator	Increased transcriptional activation	[71, 72]
		Promotes protein-protein interaction	[71, 72]
β-catenin	Signaling mediator	Promotes nuclear localization	[73]
		Increased transcriptional activation (basal)	[74]
Estrogen receptor	Steroid hormone receptor	Decreased transcriptional activation (ligand dependent)	[74]
		Increased protein stability	[75]
Myc	Transcription factor	Increased protein stability	[76, 77]
EKLF	Transcription factor	Promotes protein-protein interaction	[78]
		Increased transcriptional activation	[79]
		Increased DNA binding affinity	[80, 81]
E2F1	Transcription factor	Increased transcriptional activation	[80, 81]
		Increased protein stability	[80]
GATA family	Transcription factor	Increased DNA binding affinity	[82, 83]
		Increased transcriptional activation	[82–84]
HIF-1α	Transcription factor	Decreased transcriptional activation	[85]
		Decreased protein stability	[85]
MyoD	Transcription factor	Increased DNA binding affinity	[86]
		Increased transcriptional activation	[86–88]
NF-κB	Transcription factor	Disrupts protein-protein interaction	[89]
Foxp3	Transcription factor	Increased stability	[90]