Animal Model of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Pathophysiological Resemblance to the Human Condition Induced by Multiple Factors (Nutritional, Pharmacological, and Stress) in Rats

Figure 3

Body weight, glucose level, insulin level, and C-peptide of both control and GDM group. Body weight of GDM-induced rat was decreased from Week 1 to Week 3 compared to control rat, where the body weight was increased significantly. Glucose level was higher in GDM group compared to control. Levels of insulin and C-peptide were higher in control compared to GDM group. Data shown as mean ± SD of four rats. For each parameter, a value with the asterisk signifies and the absence of asterisk indicates otherwise. value less than 0.01 was designated with two () asterisks, value less than 0.001 was designated with three () asterisks, and value less than 0.0001 was designated with four () asterisks.