Review Article

Sézary Syndrome and Atopic Dermatitis: Comparison of Immunological Aspects and Targets

Table 1

Current and potential immunologic therapeutic targets in Sézary syndrome/cutaneous T cell lymphoma and atopic dermatitis in alphabetical order.

TargetSubstancePhaseNCT number (https://clinicaltrials.gov/)Indication SS/CTCLIndication ADApproved for (in Europe)Comments (more information & references in text)

CCR4Mogamulizumab (KW-0761)3NCT01728805XCurrent study in comparison to HDAC inhibitor
CD3A-dmDT390-bisFv(UCHT1) Immunotoxin2NCT00611208XNot likely to be used in AD
CD25Denileukin diftitoxnaXCTCLNot likely to be used in AD
CD52AlemtuzumabnaXMultiple sclerosisHad been withdrawn from the market for CTCL and newly approved for multiple sclerosis (no medical reasons), not likely to be used in AD
CTLA4IpilimumabnaMalignant melanomaInteresting in CTCL, less in AD, combination study with nivolumab, ipilimumab, and brentuximab in HL ongoing
CXCR4PlerixafornaUsed in AML, interesting for SS/CTCL
IL-4RDupilumab (REGN668)3NCT02277769XInteresting as well in CTCL
Pitrakinra 2NCT00676884X
IL-12NM-IL-122NCT02542124XIn combination with TSEB
IL-13Lebrikizumab (TNX-650)2NCT02340234XHas been studied in NHL in phase 1, data not yet available
Tralokinumab2NCT02347176X
IL-18SB-485232naIn phase 2 in NHL, interesting in CTCL, controversial opinions for use in AD
IL-22Fezakinumab (ILV-094)2NCT01941537Potentially interesting in SS/CTCL
PD-1Pembrolizumab (MK-3475)2NCT02243579XBoth in malignant melanomaNot likely to be used in AD, combination study with nivolumab, ipilimumab & brentuximab in HL ongoing
Nivolumab na
PD-L1AvelumabnaIn phase 1 in HL, interesting in SS/CTCL
TLR7ImiquimodnaXBasal cell carcinoma, actinic keratoses, and genital wartsTopical application, leading to inflammatory reactions, not promising for AD
TLR9CPG 79091NCT00043420XInteresting because of subcutaneous application (no restriction to skin surface)

SS: Sézary syndrome, CTCL: cutaneous T cell lymphoma, AD: atopic dermatitis, HDAC: histone deacetylase, na: not active in SS/CTCL or AD, NHL: non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, AML: acute myeloblastic leukemia, TSEB: total skin electron beam, and HL: Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Full names of targets in the text.