High Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure Variability Is Correlated with the Occurrence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in the First Decade following a Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A New Biomarker from Old Measurement

Table 4

Multivariate Cox regression analysis of factors associated with the occurrence of peripheral arterial disease.

	Hazard ratio	95% CI	value
Age (+1 y)	1.064	1.043–1.084	<0.001
Nonsmoking	1
Former smoking	1.645	0.771–2.783	0.244
Current smoking	1.803	1.160–2.804	0.009
High SBP and DBP visit-to-visit variability	1.679	1.141–2.472	0.009
Mean Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.208	1.042–1.401	0.012

DM, diabetes mellitus; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; CI, confidence interval.