PD-L1 Promotes Self-Renewal and Tumorigenicity of Malignant Melanoma Initiating Cells

Figure 4

Blockage of PD-L1 affects MMICs in vivo. C57BL/6 mice were separately inoculated with (a) B16-F0 cells and(b) B16-F1 cells. Then, mice were administered anti-PD-L1 3, 6, and 9 days after melanoma cell injection. Tumor growth was monitored. The results are shown as the mean ± SE of five mice in each group. (c) Images of tumors from representative animals used in (a) and (b). At the end of the experiment, residual ALDH⁺ MMICs within the tumor were analyzed by flow cytometry in the (c) B16-F0 and B16-F1 (d) cell models. (e) The data for residual ALDH⁺ MMICs within two tumor models are shown as the mean ± SE of five mice in each group.

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