A Comparative Study of Oral Microbiota in Infants with Complete Cleft Lip and Palate or Cleft Soft Palate
Table 2
Statistical comparison of microorganism frequency (prevalence), colonisation, and growth intensity between CLP group and CSP group at T1.
Microorganism
CLP group ()
p
CSP group ()
(%)
Colonisation (%)
GI
(%)
Colonisation (%)
GI
A1
A2
B1
B2
Streptococcus mitis
63.3
73
100
3
0.458
60.0
53.3
93.3
3
Streptococcus oralis
6.6
100
100
3
0.665
4.0
100
0
3
Streptococcus pneumoniae
3.3
100
100
3
0.590
4.0
100
100
3
Streptococcus sanguinis
20
100
50
3
0.486
28.0
85.7
57.1
3
Streptococcus salivarius
26.6
50
87.5
3
0.100
48.0
41.6
66.6
3
Streptococcus vestibularis
10
100
100
3
0.090
8.0
100
100
3
Streptococcus bovis biovar I
26.6
75
87.5
3
0.343
16.0
75
75
3
Streptococcus acidominimus
6.6
50
50
3
0.492
12.0
100
100
3
Streptococcus dysgalactiae
6.6
50
50
2
0.848
8.0
100
100
3
Streptococcus uberis
6.6
100
100
3
0.663
4.0
100
100
3
Streptococcus anginosus
6.6
80
100
2
0.188
—
—
—
—
Streptococcus intermedius
16.6
100
50
3
0.952
16.0
100
50
3
Streptococcus constellatus
6.6
100
50
3
0.188
—
—
—
—
Lactobacillus spp.
13.3
100
50
3
0.777
16.0
75
75
3
Gemella haemolysans
16.6
100
60
3
0.952
16.0
50
75
3
Gemella morbillorum
20
100
60
3
0.076
4.0
100
100
3
Enterococcus spp.
6.6
100
50
3
0.665
4.0
100
100
1
Staphylococcus aureus MSSA
40
83.3
83.3
3
0.020
12.0
100
75
2
Staphylococcus aureus MRSA
3.3
100
100
2
0.359
—
—
—
—
Staphylococcus xylosus
13.3
10
50
2
0.231
4.0
100
100
3
Staphylococcus epidermidis
33.3
20
23,3
2
0.833
36.0
88.8
88.8
2
Staphylococcus hominis
10
100
100
1
0.103
—
—
—
—
Staphylococcus haemolyticus
3.3
100
100
3
0.773
8.0
100
100
3
Staphylococcus lugdunensis
10
100
100
2
0.103
8.0
100
50
1
Lactococcus lactis
3.3
100
0
2
0.773
8.0
0
100
1
Neisseria spp.
16.6
100
80
2
0.099
36.0
88,8
100
2
Moraxella spp.
3.3
100
100
1
0.899
4.0
100
100
1
Acinetobacter lwoffii
6.6
100
100
1
0.665
4.0
0
100
1
Acinetobacter baumannii
3.3
100
100
1
0.899
4.0
100
100
3
Enterobacter cloacae
10
100
100
2
0.870
12.0
100
100
1
Enterobacter kobei
10
100
100
2
0.393
4.0
100
100
2
Enterobacter aerogenes
6.6
75
100
2
0.841
8.0
100
100
2
Enterobacter asburiae
3.3
100
100
2
0.889
4.0
100
100
2
Serratia liquefaciens
6.6
100
50
1
0.188
—
—
—
—
Serratia fonticola
10
100
33.3
2
0.465
4.0
100
100
1
Klebsiella pneumoniae
20
100
100
3
0.424
12.0
100
100
2
Klebsiella oxytoca
16.6
100
80
3
0.494
24.0
100
83,3
2
Citrobacter spp.
3,3
100
100
3
0.590
4.0
100
100
2
Escherichia coli
20
100
100
1
0.424
12.0
66.6
75
2
, frequency, that is, percentage (%) of subjects from CLP or CSP group with a given microorganism; colonisation, percentage (%) of smears of a given bacterial species from the palate and/or from the tongue; A1, smears were obtained from palatal mucosa on the cleft margin in CLP subjects; A2, smears were obtained from the dorsum of the tongue in CLP subjects; B1, smears were obtained from the palatal mucosa in CSP subjects; B2, smears were obtained from the dorsum of the tongue in CSP subjects; GI, growth intensity; - square test; results printed in boldface have reached statistical significance (p < 0.05).
