Protein Adsorption to Titanium and Zirconia Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Method

Figure 8

AFM images of Ti and ZrO₂ QCM sensors after protein adsorption. All measurements were performed in tapping mode using aluminum reflex coating silicon long cantilever with a resonance frequency of approximately 190 kHz and force contact of 48 N/m. AFM images were obtained for an area of 2 × 2 μm².