BioMed Research International / 2017 / Article / Tab 1 / Research Article
Care-Related and Maternal Risk Factors Associated with the Antenatal Nondetection of Intrauterine Growth Restriction: A Case-Control Study from Bremen, Germany Table 1 Maternal characteristics in total and stratified by cases and controls.
Maternal characteristics Total ( ) % ( ) IUGR detected (controls) ( ) % ( ) IUGR undetected (cases) ( ) % ( ) Age <35 yrs 65.8 (106) 68.8 (53) 63.1 (53) ≥35 yrs 34.2 (55) 31.2 (24) 36.9 (31) Maternal migration background Yes 20.5 (33) 19.9 (13) 23.8 (20) No 78.3 (126) 81.8 (63) 75.0 (63) Missing value 1.2 (2) 1.3 (1) 1.2 (1) Socioeconomic status High 51.6 (83) 49.4 (38) 53.6 (45) Middle 41.6 (67) 44.2 (34) 39.3 (33) Low 6.8 (11) 6.5 (5) 7.1 (6) Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2 ) Normal 66.5 (107) 62.3 (48) 70.3 (59) Overweight 18.0 (29) 18.2 (14) 17.9 (15) Obese 15.5 (25) 19.5 (15) 11.9 (10) Weight gain during pregnancy Higher than adequate 33.5 (54) 37.7 (29) 29.8 (25) Adequate 32.9 (53) 31.2 (24) 34.5 (29) Lower than adequate 33.5 (54) 31.2 (24) 35.7 (30) Nulliparous 55.9 (90) 58.4 (45) 53.6 (45) Multiparous 44.1 (71) 41.6 (32) 46.4 (39) Number of ≤1 79.5 (128) 76.6 (59) 82.2 (69) 2–≤3 17.4 (28) 19.5 (15) 15.4 (13) ≥4 3.1 (5) 3.9 (3) 2.4 (2) Complications/diseases during pregnancy Yes 44.7 (72) 54.5 (42) 35.7 (30) No 55.3 (89) 45.5 (35) 64.3 (54) Ultrasound examinations <3 0.6 (1) 1.3 (1) 0 (0) 3–8 58.4 (94) 50.6 (39) 65.5 (55) ≥9 41.0 (66) 48.1 (37) 34.5 (29) Doppler examination Yes 80.1 (129) 92.2 (71) 69.0 (58) No 19.9 (32) 7.8 (6) 31.0 (26) Index antenatal care use Adequate 93.2 (150) 92.2 (71) 94.0 (79) Less adequate or inadequate 6.8 (11) 7.8 (6) 6.0 (5) Hospitalization during pregnancy Yes 22.4 (36) 27.3 (21) 17.9 (15) No 77.6 (125) 72.7 (56) 82.1 (69) Alcohol consumption during pregnancy Yes 2.5 (4) 1.3 (1) 3.6 (3) No 96.9 (156) 98.7 (76) 95.2 (80) Missing value 0.6 (1) 0 (0) 1.2 (1) Tobacco consumption during pregnancy Yes 10.6 (17) 10.4 (8) 10.7 (9) No 88.8 (143) 89.6 (69) 88.1 (74) Missing value 0.6 (1) 0 (0) 1.2 (1)
current pregnancy/birth.