Scientific Evidence for Different Options for GDM Screening and Management: Controversies and Review of the Literature

Table 5

Prospective non-RCT or retrospective studies reporting outcomes of women meeting criteria for GDM based on the One-Step test but not on the Two-Step test.

Author (origin)	Study design	GDM screening	50 g GCT criteria	75 g OGTT criteria	100 g OGTT criteria
Lapolla et al., 2011 (Italy) [31]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if >140 mg/dL: 100 g 3 h GTT	≥140 mg/dL: 100 g 3 h GTT	Not done	2 abnormal values of fasting ≥ 95 mg/dL, or; 1 h 180 mg/dl; 2 h 155 mg/dL; 3 h 140 mg/dL
Bodmer-Roy et al., 2012 (Canada) [32]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if 137–184 mg/dL: 75 g 2 h GTT	137–184 mg/dL: 75 g GTT; >184 mg/dL: GDM	1 abnormal value of fasting ≥ 96 mg/dL; 1 h: ≥191 mg/dl; 2 h: ≥160 mg/dL	Not done
Benhalima et al., 2013 (Belgium) [33]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if ≥140 mg/dL:100 g 3 h GTT	≥140 mg/dL: 100 g 3 h GTT	Not done	2 abnormal values of fasting ≥ 95 mg/dL, or; 1 h 180 mg/dl; 2 h 155 mg/dL; 3 h 140 mg/dL
Ethridge et al., 2014 (USA) [34]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if ≥135 mg/dL:100 g 3 h GTT	≥135 mg/dL: 100 g 3 h GTT	Not done	2 abnormal values of fasting ≥ 95 mg/dL, or; 1 h 180 mg/dl; 2 h 155 mg/dL; 3 h 140 mg/dL
Liao et al., 2014 (China) [35]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if ≥140 mg/dL: 100 g 3 h GTT	≥140 mg/dL: 100 g 3 h GTT	Not done	2 abnormal values of fasting ≥ 95 mg/dL, or 1 h 180 mg/dl; 2 h 155 mg/dL; 3 h 140 mg/dL
Mayo et al., 2015 (Canada) [36]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if 140–184 mg/dL: 75 g 2 h GTT	If 140–184 mg/dL: 75 g GTT; >184 mg/dL: GDM	1 abnormal value of fasting ≥ 95 mg/dL; 1 h: ≥191 mg/dl: 2 h: ≥160 mg/dL	Not done
Meek et al., 2015 (UK) [37]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if >138 mg/dL: 75 g 2 h GTT	>138 mg/dL: 75 g 2 h GTT	1 abnormal value of fasting ≥ 110/128 mg/dL; 2 h: ≥140 mg/dL	Not done
Tward et al., 2016 (Canada) [38]	Retrospective cohort	Two-Step: 50 g 1 h; if >140 mg/dL: 75 g 2 h GTT	≥140 mg/dL: 75 g 2 h GTT	2 abnormal values of fasting ≥ 95 mg/dL; 1 h: ≥191 mg/dl: 2 h: ≥160 mg/dL	Not done

Canadian Diabetes Association criteria (ref.). 1999 criteria until 2007 (fasting, 148 mg/dL), modified WHO 1999 criteria (fasting, 130 mg/dL).