Home Remodeling and Food Allergy Interact Synergistically to Increase the Risk of Atopic Dermatitis

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects.

Characteristics
Number	4,111
Age (years), mean ± SD
Sex (Boy : Girl)	2,121:1,980 (51.7%:48.3%)
BMI
Parental history of allergic diseases	2,312/4,111 (56.2%)
Parental history of asthma	203/4,111 (4.9%)
Parental history of allergic rhinitis	2,075/4,111 (50.5%)
Parental history of AD	400/4,111 (9.7%)
Parental history of FA	346/4,111 (8.4%)
Environmental tobacco smoking	1,475/4,041 (36.5%)
Lifetime home remodeling	1,146/4,014 (28.6%)
Moving to new home in infancy	1,054/3,299 (31.9%)
Educational degree of mother
≤High school graduate	795/3,984 (20.0%)
≥University graduate	3,189/3,984 (80.0%)
Parental economic status (monthly income)
Low (<2,697 USD)	439/3,860 (11.4%)
Middle (2,697–5,393 USD)	1,700/3,860 (44.0%)
High (≥5,393 USD)	1,721/3,860 (44.6%)
Biomarkers
Eosinophil (%), mean ± SD
	297/575 (51.7%)

SD: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index; AD: atopic dermatitis; FA: food allergy; USD: United States of America dollar. as at least 1 positive skin prick test (allergen and histamine wheal diameter > 3 mm).