Effect of Computer Navigation on Accuracy and Reliability of Limb Alignment Correction following Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: A Meta-Analysis

Table 1

Characteristics of the studies included in the meta-analysis.

Authors	Year	Study type	Sample size		Navigation system	Measured parameters	Target alignment	Lateral cortex fracture	Other complications
			Navigation	Conventional
Akamatsu et al. [10]	2012	RCS	31	28	OrthoPilot	MA, CAO, TPS	4° valgus	4 (conventional); 5 (navigation)	1 delayed union (conventional)
Hankemeier et al. [1]	2006	RCS	10	10	Medivision	WBLR	WBLR 80%	No	NR
Iorio et al. [11]	2010	RCS	14	13	OrthoPilot	CAO	2°–6° valgus	NR	2 broken screw (conventional)
Kim et al. [12]	2009	RCS	47	43	OrthoPilot	MA, WBLR, TPS	3°–5° valgus; WBLR 62%	2 (conventional); 3 (navigation)	2 delayed union (conventional), 2 delayed union (navigation), 1 varus collapse (navigation)
Lee et al. [13]	2014	RCS	40	40	OrthoPilot	WBLR, CAO, TPS	WBLR 62% (50%–70%)	NR	NR
Lutzner et al. [14]	2010	RCS	10	9	OrthoPilot	WBLR, CAO	WBLR 80%	NR	NR
Maurer and Wassmer [15]	2006	RCS	37	20	OrthoPilot	MA, CAO	3° valgus; (2°–5° valgus)	NR	NR
Reising et al. [16]	2013	RCS	40	40	OrthoPilot	WBLR, CAO	WBLR 62% (50%–70%)	NR	NR
Ribeiro et al. [17]	2014	RCS	18	20	OrthoPilot	MA, TPS	3°–6° valgus	NR	NR
Saragaglia and Roberts [18]	2005	RCS	28	28	OrthoPilot	MA, CAO	3°–6° valgus; (HKA 183°–186°)	NR	NR

RCS, retrospective comparison study; MA, mechanical axis; CAO, coronal alignment outlier; WBLR, weight bearing line ratio; TPS, tibial posterior slope; NR, not reported.