Monitoring Leiomyoma Response to Uterine Artery Embolization Using Diffusion and Perfusion Indices from Diffusion-Weighted Imaging

Figure 2

Images obtained in a 42-year-old woman treated with UAE for symptomatic fibroid before (a–d) and 6 months after embolization (e–h). (a, e) T2-weighted images demonstrate a submucosal fibroid which is oval shaped and heterogeneously hypointense. At 6-month follow-up, the fibroid exhibits remarkable reduction in size. (b, f) Placement of oval ROIs within the lesion on DWI. (c, g) ADC maps in the ROIs show increased diffusion properties at 6-month follow-up relative to baseline (1.85 × 10⁻³mm²/s versus 1.61 × 10⁻³mm²/s). (d, h) IVIM-derived perfusion fraction maps in the ROIs show decreased microvascular perfusion/blood flow at 6-month follow-up relative to baseline (4.13% versus 7.98%).

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