|
| miRNA | Related cytokines | Effect | Description |
|
miR-34a
miR-21
miR-146 | Proinflammatory cytokines (Interleukin, IL, and Tumor Necrosis Factor, TNF) | Upregulated miRNA levels with the increase in cytokine levels | MIN6 cells induced with proinflammatory cytokines show a significant induction of miR-34a, miR-21, and miR-146 miRNAs and subsequent blockade of these miRNAs prevented cytokine induced reduction in GSIS and protected β-cells from cytokine induced cell death [25]. |
|
miR-103
miR-143
miR-107 | TNF-α
(affects insulin and glucose metabolism, provokes insulin resistance, and stimulates lipolysis [26]) | Downregulated miRNA levels with the increase in cytokine levels | miR-103, miR-143, and miR-107 are induced in the process of adipogenesis, but after treatment of TNF-α their levels have shown to be reduced [25, 27]. |
|
miR-99a
miR-325 | IL-6
(plays a controversial role in the development of insulin resistance and affects glucose metabolism [26]) | Downregulated miRNA levels with the increase in cytokine levels | miR-99a and miR-325 show a negative correlation with IL-6 concentration in human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue [27]. |
|
| miRNA-125a-5p | IL-6
TNF-α
IL-2 | Downregulated cytokine levels with the increase in miRNA-125a-5p | miRNA-125a-5p mediates lipid uptake and decreases the secretion of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-2 [28]. |
|
miR-221
miR-222 | TNF-α | Upregulated miRNA levels with the increase in cytokine levels | miR-221 and miR-222 correlate positively with TNF and negatively with adiponectin [29]. |
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