Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Women with Positive Urine Culture: Does Menopausal Status Make a Significant Difference?

Table 3

The resistance of selected uropathogens to antimicrobial agents.

Pathogen	Resistance to each antimicrobial agent; (premenopausal (PRE) and postmenopausal (POST) groups) (%)														Difference in resistance to each antimicrobial agent: premenopausal versus postmenopausal group; value
	AMP		SXT		CIP		AMC		NIT		LEX		CXM		AMP	SXT	CIP	AMC	NIT	LEX	CXM
	PRE	POST	PRE	POST	PRE	POST	PRE	POST	PRE	POST	PRE	POST	PRE	POST
Escherichia coli	47.2	53.8	19.6	25.9	10.7	22.7	10.3	13.4	7.8	15.7	5	8.9	2.8	4.7	<0.001; (12.2)	<0.001; (16)	<0.001; (75.6)	<0.001; (23.6)	<0.001; (44.4)	<0.001; (17.3)	<0.01; (7.2)
Enterococcus faecalis	0	0	N/A	N/A	12.5	33.3	7.7	N/A	0.5	4	0	N/A	0	N/A	NS	N/A	NS	N/A	<0.01; (8.9)	N/A	N/A
Klebsiella pneumoniae	97.6	96.1	7.9	20.7	7.1	18.8	9.3	20.0	50	88.9	4.8	18.8	3.9	12.2	NS	<0.01; (7.2)	=0.01; (6.5)	<0.05; (4.5)	NS	=0.001; (10.3)	<0.05; (4.5)
Proteus mirabilis	32.7	32.5	18.9	33.3	15.2	14.7	10.3	10.4	92.9	83.8	13.1	17.1	2.8	3.9	NS	<0.05; (4.5)	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
ESBL-producing Escherichia coli	86.4	92.6	38.5	64.6	42.3	71.4	23.1	70.2	11.5	21.7	87.5	90.0	87.5	93.6	NS	<0.05; (4.7)	<0.05; (6.1)	=0.001; (15.3)	NS	NS	NS
ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae	100	100	46.0	52.9	28.2	65.0	50	61.5	71.4	75	34.5	45.5	41.7	65	NA	NS	=0.01; (7.4)	NS	NS	NS	NS

AMP: ampicillin, SXT: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, CIP: ciprofloxacin, AMC: amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, NIT: nitrofurantoin, LEX: cephalexin, and CXM: cefuroxime.
ESBL: extended-spectrum β-lactamase.