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| CSF analysis (at onset) | Repeat CSF analysis | Brain and spinal MRI | Neurophysiological studies |
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Patient 1 | Positive OCB | — | Periventricular, subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with right thalamus and pontine involvement and gadolinium enhancement | Normal VEP |
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Patient 2 | Positive OCB, increased protein level | — | Brainstem, cerebellar, and insular subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images without gadolinium enhancement | Optic neuritis |
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Patient 3 | Normal | Positive OCB | Periventricular, subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with brainstem and cerebellar involvement | Optic neuritis |
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Patient 4 | Negative OCB, increased protein level | Positive OCB | Subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with basal ganglia, brainstem, and posterior cordonal involvement | Optic neuritis |
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Patient 5 | Positive OCB, increased protein level | — | Periventricular and subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with internal capsule, corpus callosum, thalamic, brainstem, and cerebellar peduncle involvement, extensive posterior spinal abnormalities, and gadolinium enhancement (Figure 1) | Optic neuritis, altered BAEP and SEP |
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Patient 6 | Normal | Positive OCB | Periventricular and subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with brainstem and cervical involvement without gadolinium enhancement | Altered BAEP |
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Patient 7 | Negative OCB, increased protein level | Normal | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with “onion bulb” appearance of one lesion and gadolinium enhancement | Altered BAEP |
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Patient 8 | Normal | Positive OCB | Periventricular and semiovale center hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with internal capsule involvement | Altered SEP |
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Patient 9 | Negative OCB, increased protein level | Positive OCB | Subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with cervical involvement and gadolinium enhancement | Altered SEP |
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Patient 10 | Positive OCB | — | Periventricular, subcortical, semiovale center hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with corpus callosum, peduncular, pontine, and cerebellar involvement and cervical and dorsal abnormalities | Not performed |
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Patient 11 | Increased cell count | Normal | Periventricular, subcortical, semiovale center hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with corpus callosum and cerebellar peduncles involvement and gadolinium enhancement | Normal VEP |
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Patient 12 | Normal | Positive OCB | Corpus callosum hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with cerebellar and brainstem involvement and cervical abnormalities with gadolinium enhancement | Optic neuritis |
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Patient 13 | Increased cell count | Normal | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with cervical involvement | Optic neuritis |
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Patient 14 | Positive OCB, increased protein level and cell count | Positive OCB with normal cell count | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with cervical involvement and gadolinium enhancement | Optic neuritis, altered SEP |
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Patient 15 | Increased cell count | Positive OCB with normal cell count | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images | Normal VEP |
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Patient 16 | Normal | Positive OCB | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with cerebellar and brainstem involvement | Not performed |
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Patient 17 | Normal | Positive OCB | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with cervical involvement | Optic neuritis, altered SEP |
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Patient 18 | Positive OCB | — | Periventricular and semiovale center hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with corpus callosum, brainstem, and cerebellar involvement | Optic neuritis, altered SEP |
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Patient 19 | Positive OCB, increased protein level and cell count | Positive OCB with normal cell count | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with brainstem involvement | Bilateral optic neuritis |
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Patient 20 | Not performed | — | Periventricular hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with “onion bulb” aspect of some lesions | Optic neuritis, altered SEP |
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Patient 21 | Positive OCB and increased protein level | — | Subcortical hyperintense lesions on T2 and FLAIR weighted images with cerebellar, cervical, and dorsal involvement | Altered SEP |
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