Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Is Complementary to Albuminuria in Diagnosis of Early-Stage Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

Table 1

Characteristics of studied patients.

	Control patients ()	T2DM patients ()	value
Age, years			0.1
Male gender, (%)	9 (41)	57 (46)	0.7
BMI, kg/m^2			0.009
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m^2			0.3
Hypertension, (%)	15 (68)	98 (80)	0.2
Ischemic heart disease, (%)	3 (14)	24 (19)	0.5
Heart failure, (%)	3 (14)	9 (7)	0.3
Dyslipidemia, (%)	19 (95)	111 (95)	1.0
Treatment with ACEI or ARB, (%)	12 (55)	86 (70)	0.2
Urine albumin, mg/l	5.9 (3.0–22.9)	8.0 (3.2–18.0)	0.6
uACR, mg/g	6.0 (3.6–9.0)	7.3 (3.4–19.2)	0.3
Urine NGAL, µg/l	10.9 (6.0–38.2)	15.3 (6.4–29.6)	0.7
uNCR, µg/g	12.2 (5.9–27.9)	13.5 (6.5–31.4)	0.3

T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; uACR, urine albumin/creatinine ratio; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; uNCR, urine NGAL/creatinine ratio.