Trends and Inequalities in Use of Maternal Health Care Services in Nepal: Strategy in the Search for Improvements

Table 3

Trend in sociodemographic characteristics of women who delivered in last five (1994–2011) and trends based on national household surveys.

	1994–1996	1997–2001	2002–2006	2007–2011	P value; (Chi-square test)
Ecological zone
Mountain	7.7	7.7	8.7	7.9	0.944
Hill	42.6	41.2	40.8	39.5
Terai	49.7	51.2	50.5	52.6
Rural-urban residence
Urban	6.4	6.4	12.2	9.3	0.011
Rural	93.7	93.6	87.8	90.7
Education level
No education	79.3	74.2	60.3	47.3	<0.001
Primary	11.7	13.9	18.2	20.0
Secondary	8.0	10.9	19.2	27.2
Higher	1.0	1.0	2.4	5.5
Wealth quintiles
Poorest	25.9	25.4	25.5	25.8	0.996
Poorer	20.3	22.0	21.3	21.9
Middle	20.2	20.0	20.4	21.0
Richer	19.5	18.8	17.7	17.4
Richest	14.1	13.7	15.1	13.9
Caste/ethnicity
Dalit	15.52	14.8	15.3	17.8	0.460
Brahmin/Chhetri	28.69	27.5	29.8	30.0
Terai Madeshi Other Caste	12.69	17.0	13.0	10.4
Newar	4.56	3.7	3.3	2.6
Janajati	29.14	29.8	32.0	32.5
Muslim	5.92	6.0	5.2	6.5
Others	3.49	1.3	1.5	0.2

Last 3 years for Nepal Family Health Survey 1996.