Mitochondrial-Targeted Molecular Imaging in Cardiac Disease

Table 1

Mitochondria-targeted molecular imaging agents for myocardium in cardiac function.

Radiotracers	Modality	Location/target	Assessment	In preclinic	In clinic	QL & QT
Tc-tetrofosmin	SPECT	Inner membrane	MBF		Yes	QL
Tc-MIBI	SPECT	Inner membrane	MBF		Yes	QL
Tc-TMEOP	SPECT	Inner membrane	MBF	Yes		QL
Tc-N-MPO	SPECT	Inner membrane	MBF	Yes		QL
Tc-N-DBODC5	SPECT	Inner membrane	MBF		Yes	QL
^123I-BMIPP	SPECT	Fatty acid oxidation	Metabolic		Yes	QL
^123I-CMICE-013	SPECT	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^123I-ZIROT	SPECT	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-BCPP-EF	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-FDHR	PET	Complex I	MBF	Yes		QT
^18F-FP2OP	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-FP1OP	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-FP3OP	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-Flurpiridaz	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor		Yes	QT
^18F-RP1003	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-RP1004	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-RP1005	PET	Complex I	MC-I receptor	Yes		QT
^18F-FBnTP	PET	Inner membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-FETM	PET	Inner membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-FERhB	PET	Inner membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-FMBTP	PET	Inner membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-mFMBTP	PET	Inner membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-TPP	PET	Inner membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-FPTP	PET	Inner membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-FTPP	PET	Outer membrane	MBF/perfusion	Yes		QL
^18F-FTHA	PET	Fatty acid oxidation	Metabolic	Yes		QL
^18F-FTP	PET	Fatty acid oxidation	Metabolic	Yes		QL
^18F-FTO	PET	Fatty acid oxidation	Metabolic	Yes		QL

MBF, myocardial blood flow; PET, positron emission tomography; SPECT, single photon emission tomography; QL, qualifiable; QT, quantifiable.