Clinical and Prognostic Significance of Positive Hepatojugular Reflux on Discharge in Acute Heart Failure: Insights from the ESCAPE Trial

Table 2

Comparison of clinical, laboratory, echocardiographic, and central hemodynamic variables of congestion among patients enrolled in the ESCAPE trial who have positive or negative hepatojugular reflux on discharge.

	+ve HJR on discharge; ()	−ve HJR on discharge; ()	value
Clinical and laboratory variables of congestion
JVD at discharge >8 cm % ()	57.5% (65/113)	25.9% (68/263)	<0.001
At least moderate ascites % ()	9.6% (11/115)	1.1% (3/276)	0.001
Hepatomegaly % ()	40.9% (47/115)	8.9% (24/271)	<0.001
Rales % ()	16.5% (19/115)	5.8% (16/277)	0.001
BNP (pg/mL, m ± SD)	936 ± 1428	659 ± 1041	0.002
Echocardiography variables of congestion
IVC size in inspiration (cm, m ± SD)	1.5 ± 0.73	1.1 ± 0.78	0.005
IVC size in expiration (cm, m ± SD)	2.1 ± 0.67	1.8 ± 0.7	0.003
PAC data at final hemodynamic measurement
RAP (mmHg, m ± SD)	11.1 ± 6.5	7.8 ± 4.2	0.002
PASP (mmHg, m ± SD)	49.9 ± 13	43.9 ± 11.6	0.005
PADP (mmHg, m ± SD)	23.2 ± 8.2	20 ± 6.2	0.009
PAMP (mmHg, m ± SD)	32.3 ± 11.5	28.3 ± 7.8	0.01
PCWP (mmHg, m ± SD)	19.8 ± 8	16.1 ± 6	0.006

HJR: hepatojugular reflux; JVD: jugular venous distension; BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; IVC: inferior vena cava; RAP: right atrial pressure; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; PADP: pulmonary artery diastolic pressure; PAMP: pulmonary artery mean pressure; PCWP: pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.