Concentration-Response Relationship between PM_2.5 and Daily Respiratory Deaths in China: A Systematic Review and Metaregression Analysis of Time-Series Studies

Table 1

Characteristics of the 13 studies included with risk estimates for PM_2.5 concentration (μg/m³) and respiratory mortality (RM) in China.

First author, year, city, region	Study period (duration in days)	Average PM2.5 concentration (min–max)	Daily RM (median)	% RM increase per 10 μg/m^3 increase in PM2.5	Lag-day structure
Li, 2013, Beijing, north [18]	2004–2009 (2000)	64 (2-435)	66	0.30	Single-day
Li, 2013, Beijing, north [18]	2004–2009 (2000)	64 (2-435)	66	0.63	Multiday
Li, 2015, Beijing, north [31]	2005–2009 (1826)	71.39 (20-249)	2	0.36	Single-day
Lin, 2016, Hong Kong, south [32]	1998–2011 (5113)	34 (5.8-172)	18	0.61	Single-day
Cao, 2012, Xi’an, north [25]	2004–2008 (1756)	182.2 (16.4-768.6)	7	0.4	Single-day
Lin, 2016, Guangzhou, south [33]	2012–2015 (1278)	42.3 (27.7-154)	19	1.06	Multiday
Geng, 2013, Shanghai, south [34]	2007-2008 (623)	47 (9-175)	12	0.07	Multiday
Kan, 2007, Shanghai, south [35]	2004-2005 (668)	49 (8.3-235)	12	0.95	Multiday
Ma, 2011, Shenyang, north [36]	2006–2008 (876)	67 (10-339)	6	0.97	Multiday
Yang, 2012, Guangzhou, south [37]	2007-2008 (731)	65 (12-248)	14	0.97	Multiday
Guo, 2016, Beijing, north [38]	2013 (365)	84.33 (8-471)	2	0.05	Single-day
Feng, 2015, Guangzhou, south [39]	2013-2014 (690)	45 (11.9-150)	18	0.30	Single-day
Feng, 2015, Guangzhou, south [39]	2013-2014 (690)	45 (11.9-150)	18	0.76	Multiday
Li 2, 2013, Beijing, north [40]	2005–2009 (1826)	64 (2-435)	74	0.63	Multiday
Sun, 2015, Hong Kong, south [41]	1999–2011 (4748)	32.7 (5.4-180)	18	1.15	Multiday