Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Tramadol in Thermoreversible Gels
Table 1
Tramadol pharmacokinetics parameters: 1/2, max, , , max, CL, , and MRT after the injection (SC) of F1, F2, F3, and F4 in rabbits. Data expressed as mean (±SD).
F1
F2
F3
F4
1/2 (h)
1.41 ± 0.31
2.46 ± 0.86
2.35 ± 1.28
7.55 ± 11.52
max (h)
0.45 ± 0.20
0.750 ± 0.671
0.54 ± 0.18
1.83 ± 2.45
max (ng⋅mL−1)
1563.82 ± 404.77
1452.95 ± 200.34
1374.93 ± 314.63
756.81 ± 490.89
(ng-h⋅L−1)
2581.86 ± 1417.41
4971.81 ± 1695.77
3320.01 ± 1445.91
1307.32 ± 704.39
(ng-h⋅L−1)
2658.33 ± 1498.56
5894.02 ± 2791.82
4533.81 ± 1267.25
1992.07 ± 117.42
(L)
10.13 ± 6.01
6.24 ± 0.70
7.14 ± 2.31
16.81 ± 2.48
CL (L⋅h−1)
5.33 ± 3.62
1.95 ± 0.69
2.41 ± 0.97
5.03 ± 0.29
MRT (h)
1.65 ± 0.60
2.72 ± 0.42
2.66 ± 0.71
2.96 ± 1.18
Statistical analysis: F1 versus F2; F1 versus F4; F2 versus F4; F3 versus F4; [], [], and [], ANOVA/Tukey-Kramer.