Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Evaluation of Tramadol in Thermoreversible Gels

Table 2

Pharmacokinetics parameters 1/2, max, ,  , max, CL, , and MRT of M1 after the injection (SC) of F1, F2, F3, and F4 in rabbits. Data expressed as mean (±SD).

	F1	F2	F3	F4
1/2 (h)	2.64 ± 0.86	4.55 ± 1.44	4.02 ± 2.48	5.57 ± 8.36
max (h)	0.70 ± 0.27	2.70 ± 2.04	2.95 ± 2.70	1.58 ± 1.75
max (ng⋅mL^−1)	27.00 ± 2.69	7.82 ± 2.23	15.17 ± 9.96	21.89 ± 11.81
(ng-h⋅L^−1)	89.28 ± 5.26	37.82 ± 11.93	56.18 ± 39.59	65.79 ± 50.29
(ng-h⋅L^−1)	121.71 ± 34.00	48.92 ± 6.31	109.06 ± 53.35	83.57 ± 53.82
(L)	310.97 ± 53.25	1325.73 ± 320.55	611.87 ± 379.42	286.80 ± 96.56
CL (L/h)	86.71 ± 20.70	207.10 ± 26.48	120.02 ± 81.57	111.78 ± 48.61
MRT (h)	2.99 ± 0.26	3.71 ± 0.43	3.85 ± 1.23	3.02 ± 1.02

Statistical analysis: F1 versus F2; [], [], and [], ANOVA/Tukey-Kramer.