| | Studies | Population | Sample size: subjects | Crude prevalence | Sample size: legs | True prevalence | Right prevalence | Left prevalence | Male prevalence | Female prevalence |
| | Adachi, 1909 | Japanese | — | — | 630 | 598 (95%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Ashaolu et al., 2013 | Nigerian | 100 | 73 (73%) | 200 | 125 (63%) | 67 (67%) | 58 (58%) | 62 (66%) | 63 (59.4%) |
| | Bertelli and Khoury, 1991 | French | 22 | | 44 | 40 (91%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Bhatt et al., 2010 | Indian | — | — | 94 | 84 (89.4%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Bourdon and Petitdant, 2012 | French | 86 | — | 86 | 76 (88.4%) | — | — | 21 (80.8%) | 55 (91.7%) |
| | de Gusmão et al., 2013 | Brazilian | — | — | 64 | 62 (96.9%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Domagala et al., 2003 | Polish | 33 | — | 66 | 52 (78%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Domagala et al., 2006 | Polish | 193 | — | 386 | 321 (83.2%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Ercikti et al., 2016 | Turkish | 17 (+11 legs) | — | 44 | 42 (95.5%) | 22 (95.6%) | 20 (95.2%) | — | — |
| | Johnson, 1973 | Caucasians (94%) | 31 (+19 legs) | | 81 | 74 (91.3%) | 34 (85%) | 40 (97.56%) | 39 (92.8%) | 36 (92.3%) |
| | Joshi et al., 2006 | Indian | 110 | — | 220 | 197 (89.55%) | 96 (87.3%) | 101 (91.8%) | — | — |
| | Kaneff, 1980 | Caucasians | — | — | 34 | 30 (88.2%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Koganei et al., 1903 | Japanese | — | — | 308 | 298 (96.7%) | — | — | | |
| | Krammer et al., 1979 | Austrian | — | — | 169 | 157 (92.9%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Larico and Jordan, 2005 | Bolivian | 46 | 46 (100%) | 92 | 92 (100%) | 46 (100%) | 46 (100%) | — | — |
| | Le Double, 1897 | French | 120 | 109 (90.8%) | 240 | 226 (94.2%) | 113 (94.2%) | 113 (94.2%) | 55 (91.7%) | 54 (90%) |
| | Loth, 1913 | African | 56 | 50 (89.3%) | 112 | 101 (90.2%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Marin et al., 2006 | Brazilian | 16 | — | 32 | 30 (94%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Nakano, 1923 | Chinese | 39 (+6 legs) | — | 84 | 75 (89.29%) | 37 (92.5%) | 38 (86.36%) | 32 (82.05%) | 5 (83.33%) |
| | Oyedun et al., 2014 | Nigerian | 169 | 140 (82.8%) | 338 | 299 (88.46%) | 148 (87.6%) | 151 (89.35%) | 102 (88.7%) | 49 (90.7%) |
| | Posmykiewicz, 1934 | Polish (907)
Jews (93) | 1000 | 913 (91.3%) | 2000 | 1852 (92.6%) | 925 (92.5%) | 927 (92.7%) | 1119 (93.56%) | 733 (91.17%) |
| | Ramirez et al., 2010 | Chilean | 168 | 83 (49.11%) | 336 | 171 (50.89%) | 84 (50%) | 81 (48%) | — | — |
| | Reimann, 1981 | German | — | — | 200 | 180 (90%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Rourke et al., 2007 | British | 41 | 38 (92.7%) | 82 | 77 (93.9%) | 38 (92.7%) | 39 (95.1%) | 21 (95.4%) | 17 (89.5%) |
| | Schwalbe and Pfitzner, 1894 | German | — | — | 537 | 493 (91.8%) | 252 (92.3%) | 241 (91.3%) | 339 (93.4%) | 154 (88.5%) |
| | Sokolowska-Pituchowa et al., 1974 | Polish | — | — | 101 | 93 (92%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Sokolowska-Pituchowa et al., 1979 | Polish | 42 | — | 84 | 66 (78.6%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Stevens et al., 1993 | British | — | — | 40 | 38 (95%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Surekha et al., 2015 | Indian | 50 | | 100 | 87 (87%) | 45 (51.72%) | 42 (48.27%) | — | — |
| | Verma and Seema, 2015 | Indian | 30 | 30 (100%) | 60 | 60 (100%) | 28 (100%) | 2 (100%) | 30 (100%) | 30 (100%) |
| | Werneck, 1957 | Caucasian (mainly) and Black | 45 | — | 90 | 86 (95.6%) | — | — | — | — |
| | Witvrouw et al., 2006 | Belgian | 100 | 76 (76%) | 200 | 163 (81.5%) | 81 (81%) | 82 (82%) | 41 (87.6%) | 41 (87.6%) |
| | Wood, 1866 | British | 32 | 30 (94%) | 64 | 61 (95.3%) | 30 (94%) | 31 (97%) | 26 (93%) | 4 (100%) |
| | Wood, 1867 | British | 34 | 29 (85.3%) | 68 | 60 (88.2%) | 30 (88.2%) | 29 (85.3%) | 20 (91%) | 9 (75%) |
| | Wood, 1868 | British | 36 | 33 (91.7%) | 72 | 69 (96%) | 33 (91.7%) | 36 (100%) | 17 (94.4%) | 16 (88.9%) |
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