Removal of Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr from Yangtze Estuary Using the Phragmites australis Artificial Floating Wetlands
Table 2
Mean values and standard deviation of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cr) bioaccumulation factor (BAF) (metals concentration ratio of water-root; water-rhizome; water-belowground parts, roots + rhizome; and water-shoot) in P. australis.
Metals
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
Mean ± SD
Cu
Water-root
0.001 ± 0.000
0.007 ± 0.005
0.007 ± 0.003
0.015 ± 0.011
Water-rhizome
0.035 ± 0.169
0.043 ± 0.038
0.047 ± 0.020
0.006 ± 0.004
Water-belowground parts
0.036 ± 0.175
0.050 ± 0.044
0.054 ± 0.023
0.022 ± 0.015
Water-shoot
0.004 ± 0.001
0.005 ± 0.007
0.004 ± 0.002
0.003 ± 0.002
Zn
Water-root
0.006 ± 0.007
0.001 ± 0.001
0.001 ± 0.001
0.005 ± 0.001
Water-rhizome
0.005 ± 0.002
0.005 ± 0.004
0.004 ± 0.002
0.003 ± 0.000
Water-belowground parts
0.011 ± 0.006
0.007 ± 0.005
0.005 ± 0.003
0.008 ± 0.0023
Water-shoot
0.003 ± 0.002
0.001 ± 0.001
0.001 ± 0.000
0.001 ± 0.000
Pb
Water-root
0.003 ± 0.001
0.006 ± 0.003
0.001 ± 0.000
0.010 ± 0.005
Water-rhizome
0.007 ± 0.003
0.016 ± 0.011
0.012 ± 0.004
0.001 ± 0.000
Water-belowground parts
0.013 ± 0.003
0.011 ± 0.001
0.010 ± 0.000
0.011 ± 0.001
Water-shoot
0.001 ± 0.000
0.001 ± 0.000
0.001 ± 0.000
0.001 ± 0.000
Cr
Water-root
0.046 ± 0.014
0.010 ± 0.004
0.004 ± 0.001
0.045 ± 0.007
Water-rhizome
0.037 ± 0.009
0.007 ± 0.007
0.009 ± 0.002
0.045 ± 0.009
Water-belowground parts
0.083 ± 0.023
0.017 ± 0.010
0.013 ± 0.004
0.091 ± 0.014
Water-shoot
0.004 ± 0.001
0.001 ± 0.001
0.001 ± 0.000
0.004 ± 0.002
Values are the means of six replicates ± standard deviation. Significant difference between seasons (within the same tissue) is showed by small letter.
