Research Article

Ginsenoside Rg1 Ameliorates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Airway Fibrosis by Suppressing the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro

Figure 5

Ginsenoside Rg1 decreased cigarette smoke extract- (CSE-) induced extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in pulmonary fibroblasts. Collagen I, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 protein levels were evaluated by western blot and quantitative analysis. Blots are representative of at least four independent experiments. All data are shown as mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments, each performed in triplicate. versus the Sham group; versus the CSE group.