Research Article
Prevalence and Complications of Pregestational and Gestational Diabetes in Saudi Women: Analysis from Riyadh Mother and Baby Cohort Study (RAHMA)
Table 1
The demographic characteristics of women with pregestational diabetes, those with gestational diabetes, and nondiabetic women.
| | Characteristic | Nondiabetic
Number (%)
(71.5) | GDM
Number (%)
(24.2) | Pre-GDM
Number (%)
(4.3) | value |
| | Age (mean ± SD) | | | | <0.001 | | Age range (years) | | | | | | <20 | 173 (2.5) | 38 (1.6) | 5 (1.2) | | | 20–24 | 1322 (19) | 271 (11.5) | 32 (7.7) | | | 25–29 | 2179 (31.3) | 596 (25.3) | 75 (17.9) | | | 30–34 | 1799 (25.9) | 688 (29.2) | 116 (27.8) | | | 35–39 | 1126 (16.2) | 537 (22.8) | 106 (25.4) | | | 40–44 | 320 (4.6) | 208 (8.8) | 73 (17.5) | | | 45+ | 32 (0.5) | 16 (0.7) | 11 (2.6) | | | Education | | | | | | Illiterate | 123 (3.0) | 40 (3.0) | 5 (2.1) | 0.26 | | School | 2259 (54.7) | 727 (55.3) | 145 (62.2) | | | University and above | 1747 (42.3) | 547 (41.6) | 83 (35.6) | | | Missing | 2822 | 1040 | 185 | | | Working status | | | | | | Housewife | 5179 (86.5) | 1754 (86.7) | 317 (88.8) | 0.39 | | Employed | 765 (12.8) | 251 (12.4) | 40 (11.2) | | | Student | 46 (0.8) | 18 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | | | Missing | 961 | 331 | 61 | | | Parity | | | | | | Nullipara | 1655 (23.8) | 378 (16.1) | 64 (15.3) | <0.01 | | 2–4 | 3351 (48.2) | 1090 (46.3) | 130 (31.1) | | | Grand multipara | 1941 (27.9) | 885 (37.6) | 224 (53.6) | | | Missing | 4 | 1 | 0 | | | BMI before pregnancy (kg/m2) | | | | | | Less than 18.5 | 96 (2.6) | 16 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | <0.01 | | 18.5 to 25 | 1200 (32.4) | 263 (20.8) | 38 (17.5) | | | 25.1 to <30 | 1227 (33.1) | 351 (27.8) | 61 (28.1) | | | 30 or more | 1179 (31.8) | 633 (50.1) | 118 (54.4) | |
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Data expressed as mean ± SD or (%). BMI: body mass index; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; Pre-GDM: preexisting gestational diabetes mellitus.
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