Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus Papain-Like Protease 1 Antagonizes Production of Interferon-β through Its Deubiquitinase Activity

Figure 3

Effects of the TGEV PL1 catalytic mutants on expression of the IFN-β-Luc and localization of the protein. (a) HEK293T cells were cotransfected with the 500 ng catalytic mutants C32A, H183A, and D196A, together with reporters of IFN-β-Luc and pRL-TK. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (). (b, c, d, e) HEK293T cells were transfected separately with RIG-1 (500 ng), MAVS (500 ng), STING (500 ng), or TBK-1 (500 ng), together with IFN-β-Luc and pRL-TK. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (). (f) Immunofluorescence microscopy of HeLa cells expressing Myc-TGEV PL1, Flag-STING, and DsRed-Mito. Cells were fixed 24 h after transfection, and Flag-tagged and Myc-tagged products were visualized using confocal microscopy.

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