Ginsenoside Rg1 Attenuates Cigarette Smoke-Induced Pulmonary Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition via Inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad Pathway

Figure 1

Ginsenoside Rg1 alleviated CS-induced emphysema and fibrosis. (a) Lung histology was analyzed via H&E staining (×100 magnification). (b) Lung histology was analyzed via Masson trichrome staining (×100 magnification). (c) Quantitative analysis of collagen in lung tissue was carried out using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. The percentage of the positive staining area of the airway was counted from 6 randomly selected fields per section. Mean optical densities were measured. All data are shown as the mean ± SD; = 6 per group. Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. versus normal group; versus COPD group.

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