Chemical Compositions, Somatic Embryogenesis, and Somaclonal Variation in Cumin
Table 3
Chemical composition of the essential oil of two studied Iranian superior cumin landraces.
S. number
Compounds%
RI
Golestan landrace
RI
North Khorasan landrace
Terpenic compound
1
Alpha-thujene
1453
17.22 ± 0.26
1090
24.8 ± 0.10
2
Gamma-terpinene
998
13.35 ± 0.21
998
6.91 ± 0.11
3
Alpha-pinene
948
0.45 ± 0.005
948
0.14 ± 0.017
4
Alpha-phellandrene
969
0.76 ± 0.01
969
0.73 ± 0.005
5
Beta-farnesene
1440
0.58 ± 0.01
—
—
6
Beta-pinene
943
9 ± 0.22
943
3.35 ± 0.09
7
Beta-phellandrene
964
0.50 ± 0.01
964
0.27 ± 0.02
8
Bergamotene
1425
0.12 ± 0.005
—
—
9
Di-epi-.alpha.-cedrene
1403
0.65 ± 0.017
1403
0.18 ± 0.008
10
Myrcene (b-pinene)
—
—
958
0.26 ± 0.005
11
Limonene
—
—
1013
0.42 ± 0.008
12
Beta-myrcene
958
0.56 ± 0.03
—
—
13
B-Cymene
1042
5.48 ± 0.08
1042
2.58 ± 0.03
14
Gamma-cadinene
1435
0.42 ± 0.01
—
—
15
β-Bisabolene
1500
0.10 ± 0.003
—
—
16
Beta-caryophyllene
1494
0.25 ± 0.003
—
—
17
Cyclopropane
928
0.52 ± 0.04
—
—
18
Androstane
—
—
2145
0.07 ± 0.003
19
Origanene
902
0.14 ± 0.008
902
0.06 ± 0.006
20
1,5-Cyclodecadiene
1570
0.08 ± 0.00
—
—
21
Beta-caryophyllene oxide
1507
0.06 ± 0.003
—
—
22
Cholestane
—
—
2770
0.23 ± 0.008
3-Nonen-5-yne, 4-ethyl-, (Z)
1117
11.22 ± 0.20
1117
11.14 ± 0.08
23
Benzene –Dimethoxymethyl
1080
0.27 ± 0.01
—
—
24
Silane
1115
0.56 ± 0.008
—
—
Total terpenic compound
62.27
51.14
Alcohols/phenols
p-Thymol
1262
0.14 ± 0.003
—
—
Isoeugenol
—
—
1410
1.18 ± 0.03
Phenol, 3-(1-methylethyl)
1149
0.05 ± 0.005
1149
0.15 ± 0.006
p-Cymen-8-ol
1197
0.07 ± 0.003
—
—
Carotol
1593
0.35 ± 0.008
1593
0.06 ± 0.006
cis-Sabinol
1085
0.07 ± 0.003
1085
0.06 ± 0.0
β-linalool
1082
0.13 ± 0.005
1082
0.24 ± 0.006
p-Mentha-1,4-dien-7-al
1240
0.12 ± 0.003
1240
0.44 ± 0.031
Phellandral
1175
4.38 ± 0.12
1175
6.91 ± 0.08
trans-Pinocarveol
1131
0.11 ± 0.003
1131
0.14 ± 0.006
1,8-Cineole
1247
0.23 ± 0.005
—
—
Henicosan-1-ol
2351
0.09 ± 0.001
—
—
trans-Shisool
—
—
1250
0.20 ± 0.005
Terpinen-4-ol
1137
0.14 ± 0.003
1137
0.23 ± 0.01
Total alcohols/phenols
5.88
9.61
Aldehydes
Cuminaldehyde
1230
30.4 ± 0.27
1230
37.8 ± 0.24
Carene
919
0.09 ± 0.001
919
0.078 ± 0.0016
Nonanal
1104
0.43 ± 0.008
1104
0.32 ± 0.005
Cyclopentene-1 carboxaldehyde
—
—
1176
0.20 ± 0.006
Total aldehydes
30.91
38.4
Epoxides
Limonene epoxide
1031
0.05 ± 0.003
—
—
Total epoxides
0.05
0
Others
Dehydro-neotigogenin benzoate
—
—
4336
0.70 ± 0.01
Corylon
972
0.12 ± 0.006
—
—
—: not detected. In each row, values followed by the same letter indicate no significant differences at 5% ( test). Means of five replications ± SE. RI: retention index determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).