Maternal Prepregnancy BMI and Glucose Level at 24–28 Gestational Weeks on Offspring’s Overweight Status within 3 Years of Age
Table 2
Percentage of macrosomia at birth or childhood overweight and obesity during early life according to different categories of maternal prepregnancy body mass index and glucose level at 24–28 gestational weeks.
Prepregnancy body mass index (kg/m2)
value
Glucose level at 24–28 gestational weeks (mmol/L)
value
<18.5
18.5–23.99
24.0–27.99
≥28
<7.8
≥7.8
Number of subjects
2,394
13,602
4,055
1,303
—
17,321
4,033
—
Weight
Birth, g
3,252 (407)
3,394 (441)
3,478 (491)
3,551 (529)
<0.001
3,391 (450)
3,456 (491)
<0.001
12th month, kg
10.1 (1.1)
10.4 (1.1)
10.6 (1.2)
10.7 (1.2)
<0.001
10.4 (1.2)
10.4 (1.1)
0.282
24th month, kg
12.5 (1.3)
13.0 (1.4)
13.2 (1.5)
13.5 (1.6)
<0.001
13.0 (1.5)
13.0 (1.5)
0.021
36th month, kg
14.7 (1.7)
15.3 (1.9)
15.7 (2.1)
16.3 (2.4)
<0.001
15.3 (2.0)
15.4 (2.0)
0.003
Length/height, cm
Birth
49.9 (1.5)
50.2 (1.7)
50.4 (1.9)
50.5 (1.8)
<0.001
50.2 (1.7)
50.3 (1.7)
<0.001
12th month
76.5 (2.6)
77.0 (2.7)
77.1 (2.7)
77.2 (2.7)
<0.001
77.0 (2.7)
76.9 (2.6)
0.003
24th month
88.4 (3.3)
88.9 (3.2)
89.0 (3.2)
89.3 (3.2)
<0.001
88.9 (3.2)
88.8 (3.1)
0.132
36th month
97.6 (3.7)
98.2 (3.7)
98.5 (3.8)
99.1 (3.7)
<0.001
98.2 (3.8)
98.2 (3.6)
0.41
Overweight status, %
Birth
<0.001
<0.001
Macrosomia
4.34
9.11
14.3
20.6
9.57
13.3
12th month
<0.001
0.002
Overweight
16.3
18.1
19.8
20.3
18.1
19.5
Obesity
9.98
15.0
19.2
22.2
15.4
16.8
24th month
<0.001
0.072
Overweight
10.8
14.6
17.1
20.8
15.1
15.0
Obesity
5.35
9.10
13.6
18.2
9.83
11.0
36th month
<0.001
<0.001
Overweight
6.93
10.6
14.4
15.6
11.1
11.8
Obesity
3.84
7.40
11.8
19.7
8.20
10.3
Data are means (SD) or percentage. Overweight was defined as body mass index ≥ 85th percentile (≥1.035 score); obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 95th percentile (≥1.645 score); sex specific body mass index percentiles were based on WHO growth reference (World Health Organization, 2006).
